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Basic facts about the Earth
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Facts to remember
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●Equatorial circumference of the earth is 40,067 km and equatorial diameter is 12,757 km
●Polar circumferenceof the earth is 40,000 km polar diameter is 12,714 km
●The total surface area of the earth is 510,100,500 sq km
●The Hydrosphere (sea) comprises 70.8% of the surface area and Lithosphere (land) is 29.2%
●The period of rotation of the earth is 23 hrs 56 mts 4.091 secs
●The speed of rotation at the equator is 1674 kmph
●The time taken by the earth to rotate about its axis so that the distant stars appear in the same position in the sky is known as Sidereal Day.
●The time taken by the earth to rotate about its axis so that the sun appears in the same position in the sky is known as Solar Day. A sidereal day is shorter than a solar day.
●The escape velocity on earth 11.186 km/sec
The highest point on earth is Mt Everest at 8,848 meters
●The deepest point on earth is Challenger Deep in the Pacific Ocean at 11,034 meters..
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Important Latitudes and Longitudes
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Latitude/Longitude          Position
Prime Meridian                  0° longitude
International Date Line      180° E/W longitude
Tropic of Cancer               23° 26' N
Tropic of Capricon           23° 26' S
Arctic Circle                       66° 33' N
Antartic Circle                   66° 33' S
Indian Standard Time        82.5° longitude